The European
Picture
• 'The studies imply a growing interest and
support for the idea of PPI in health services
and, to a lesser extent, in health research.
There seems to be a convergence of
conceptualisations of PPI across Europe,
with internationally significant areas of
innovative work taking place in countries
such as the Netherlands and the
Scandinavian countries. However, the
implementation of PPI is highly uneven, and
PPI is not yet firmly embedded or adequately
formalised in European healthcare systems
and research, possibly due to a lack of
infrastructure, guidance and support. '